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Meat just doesn't cut it in today's environment



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Meat just doesn't cut it in today's environment

The Georgia Straight (Vancouver) January 21, 2009

http://www.straight.com/article-197476/meat-just-doesn%3F%3Ft-cut-it-todays-environment

Meat just doesn't cut it in today's environment

By Dave Steele

There's little doubt about it. Humans evolved as omnivores. The
shapes of our teeth, the lengths of our intestines, and a wealth of
fossil evidence (arrowheads, butchered animal bones, et cetera) all
point to an omnivorous past.

Natural selection favoured meat eating because it allowed our
ancestors to survive where edible plant supplies were in short
supply. Our forebears could flourish on fruits and grains and berries
when those were plentiful and switch to meat when edible plants were
scarce. Had early humans not led omnivorous lives, they almost
certainly would have died out.

But that was then. This is now.

In the past, humans were few and far between. The pressure we exerted
on the world around us was slight. Today, with our population
approaching seven billion, the pressures we exert are enormous. No
longer a boon to humanity, our hunger for meat has become the single
biggest contributor to planetary degradation. Be it global warming,
fossil-fuel depletion, water depletion or desertification, meat
consumption is a prime factor in the problem. And meat takes food out
of the mouths of the hungry.

On today's factory farms, it takes 2.4 pounds of dry corn, soy, and
oats to produce a pound of chicken; eight to 10 pounds of similar
feed is required for every pound of beef. According to Cornell
University's David Pimentel, nearly 800 million people could fill
their stomachs for a year on the grain fed to U.S. animals alone. And
that's just the tip of the iceberg.

According to Pimentel's careful reckoning, modern western diets could
not exist at all were it not for the enormous amount of fossil fuels
we pour into them. Just getting nitrogen into our fertilizers takes
the equivalent of nearly one million barrels of oil each day. Add in
the other components-the pesticides, the herbicides, the combines,
the tractors, and all the rest-and the numbers become astronomical.
As Pimentel shows, the way we raise meat, it takes some 28 calories
of fossil fuel input to generate one calorie of food value. Even
modern lacto-ovo vegetarian diets, he warns, can't be maintained in
our world without excessive amounts of oil and gas.

Meat production accelerates global warming, too. All those burned
fossil fuels have to go somewhere. Worse, our cows and sheep and
other ruminants emit methane as they digest their feed. Together,
Canada's 10 million cows release the methane equivalent of a half ton
of CO2 for every man, woman, and child in the country. According to
the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, animal agriculture is
responsible for a bigger share of global warming than all of the cars
and trucks and ships and planes in the world combined!

And animal agriculture emits other pollutants, too. Nearly
three-quarters of North American ammonia emissions are due directly
or indirectly to animal farming. Manure contaminates our ground
water. The Worldwatch Institute reports that farm animals in the
United States generate 130 times more bodily waste than humans.

Animal agriculture destroys land and habitat, too. Raising livestock
and the soybeans to feed them is easily the biggest contributor to
rainforest destruction. More than two acres of tropical rainforest
are cleared per second to graze or feed farm animals. Around the
world, tens of billions of tons of topsoil are lost each year to
cultivation of animal feed crops.

Fish are no solution either. We've mined the oceans so badly that
almost all of the world's fisheries are in serious decline. Hunting?
Sorry. All of North America's wildlife would be wiped out were we to
satisfy our current hunger for meat that way.

In the past, the meat eating was a boon to us. But today, the
opposite is true. Natural selection operates on the here and now. If
we don't curtail our consumption of meat and eggs and milk and
cheese, natural selection will eventually work in the strongest way
against our meat-eating habits.

But we're lucky. We evolved as omnivores. We can choose what we eat.
Plants or animals.

Choose plants. There's an awful lot at stake.

Dave Steele is the vice president of Earthsave Canada http://www.earthsave.ca/




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